Adding and listing machine.



G. D. SUNDSTRAND. ,ADDING 'AND LISTING MACHiNE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14. 1914.

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ADDING AND LISTING MACHINE. A APPLICATION FILED MAR; 14, 1914-1,198,487. 11116111611 Sept. 19, 1916.

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APPLICATIOI HLEDMAR. 14, I914.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

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ADDING AND LISTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR; 14, I9I4- v 1,198,487. Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

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AD DlNG AND LISTING MACHINE. HfPLICATlON FILED MAR. 14, 1914f PatentedSept. 19,1916.

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ADDING AND LISTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED M AR.14,1914

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

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G. D. SUNDSTRAND.

ADDING AND LISTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILID MAR. 14. 1914.

1 ,1 98,487. PatentedSept. 19, 1916.

12 SHEETSSHEET 8.

G. D. SUNDSTRAND.

ADDING AND usrme MACHINE.

APPLICATION FRED MAR. 14, I914- 1 1 98,487. Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

FIG. 15

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Men/6 02* G-D. Sundsbiand G. D. SUNDSTRAND.

ADDING AND LISTING MACHINE.

,(PPLICATION FILED MAR. 14. 1914.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

12 SHEETSSHEET 10- zazhsses G. D. SUNDSTRAND.

ADDING AND LISTING MACHINE APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14, 1914.

Patent-ed Sept. 19, 1916.

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ADDING AND LISTING MACHINE.

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Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

eusru DAVItD sunns'rmnn, or nocxron-n, ILLnvoIs, ASSIGNOB '10 nocxronnMILL- na uacnnm comrm, or nocxronn, ILLINOIS, A conronarrou or ILLINOIS.

ADDING AND LISTING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916..

' Application filed larch 14, 1914. Serial No. 824,610.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GUs'rAF DAVID SUND-STRAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rockford, in thecounty of VVmnebago and State of Illinois, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements In Adding and Listing Machines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for adding together a plurality ofitems and for printing the items and the total upon a sheet or strip ofpaper.

The invention is herein shown as embodied in a machine of the ten-keytype.

Among the objects of the inventlon are to provide improved means forsetting the stops that determine the extent of. movement of the racks oractuating members; to

improve the means for carrying from one numerical order to the nexthigher order; to provide improved means for reciprocating the racks oractuators; to provide means for- ;controlling the speed of operation ofthe-adding and printing mechanisms; to

produce means in a ten-key machine for automatically obtaining asubtotal; and to improve the means for'efl'ecting the printing of itemsand totals in contrasting colors.

.- In'the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 a longitudinal, verticalsectional view of a machine embodying the features of my invention. Fig.2 is a fragmental front view,

showing a sight opening and indicator. Fig. 3 is a view taken in theplane of dotted line 3-3 of Fig. 5, and showing parts of the machine inside elevation, the inclosing casing and the roll-holding bracket beingomitted. Fig. 4 is a side elevation, with the casing omitted, the viewbeing taken from the side opposite to that shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 7

5 is a top plan view, the casing being omitted.- Fig. 6 is a horizontalsection taken in the plane of dotted line 6 of Fig.1. Fig. 7

is a transverse vertical section taken on the plane of dotted line 7 ofFigs. 1 and 3. Fig. 7 is a fragmented sectional view of theribbon-driving means. Figs. 8, 9 and 10 illustrate the ribbon-feedreversing mechanism. Fig. 10" is a detail View of a part comprised inthe reversing mechanism. Fig. 10 illustrates the connection between theribbon spool and its driving means. Figs. 11 and 12 represent theyieldable connection between the actuating crank or handle and the mainrock shaft, the means for insuring that said into and out of mesh withthe racks. Fig.

14 is a rear view of a portion of the printing mechanism. Fig. 15 is afragmental" view illustrating the parts in the act of printing a. total.Fig. 16 shows the parts as being ready. to add an item, the rack being Iabout to begin its upward movement. Fig.

17 represents the parts in the position as sumed after carrying has beeneffected and before the carrying mechanism has been restored to itsnormal position. Fig. 18 shows certain parts in the positions assumedjust before the pinions are thrown into mesh to add an item. Fig. 19illustrates the parts in the positions assumed as the handle oractuating crank is completing its forward stroke in the taking of afinal total. Fig. 20 shows the positions assumed as-the handle is aboutto commence its return stroke. Fig. 21 illustrates the means forrestoring the stops to normal position, together with the error:correcting means and the repeat means. Fig. 22 is a fr'agmental planview of the stops and stop-setting devices. Fig. 23 is a rear elevationof the stops and related de-. vices. Fig. 245 is a longitudinalsectional view. of one of the stops. Fig. 25 is a section on line 2525of Fig. .24. Fig. 26 is a sectional view of one of the printing bars.Fig. 27 is a section on line 2727 of Fig. 26. Fig. 28 is a plan view ofa certain swinging bracket and a slide that moves with said bracket.Fig. 29 is a detail view of the signal printing mechanism. I

The sheet or tape on which the items and totals are to be printed may besupported in any ordinary or suitable way. Herein, I have shown a roll aof paper supported upon a carriage 1 which may, if desired, be mountedupon the framework of the machine in the usual wayfor sliding movementin'order that a plurality of columns may be printed upon a sheet.Rotatably positioned on the carriage l is a cylindrical platen 2.

The printing is effected by means of ver- The machine herein illustratedis adapted to register and print up to 999,999,999, hence nine bars 3areemployed. Said bars are arranged side by side, and each is guided bya grooved roller 4 rotatably mounted on a rod 5 fixed in the framework,said'roller being located in a vertical slot 6 in the bar. Each bar isalso guided by a link 7 pivoted at one end to the lower end of the barand at its other end to a fixed rod 8. Each'bar 3 is provided at itsupper end mounted-on a fixed shaft 12. Rigid with the arm 10 is an arm13 which is yieldingly connected through a coiled spring 14 to a rod 15.The latter is carried by two side members 16 (Figs. 3 and 6) which' areguided for approximately vertical movement by roller studs 17, saidstuds being mounted in the framework and lying in elongated openings 18in the side members 16.- Pivoted to the upper ends of the side members16 are arms 19 (Figs. 3 and 4) which are pivotally mountedmn the shaft12. Rigid with the arms 19 are two arms 20 and 21 which carry a rod .22.The end portions of the rod 22 are connected through two links 23 (Figs.4, 6 and 11) to two crank arms 24 and 25 fixed on the main rock shaft26. The shaft 26 is arranged to be rocked by means of a handle or crank27, mounted on said shaft. In order that the handle may yield slightlyin case of some casual resistance to the movement of the mechanism, thehandle is connected to the shaft in the manner to be now described.

The handle 27 is rigid with a sleeve 28 (Fig. 6) which in turn is rigidwith a bracket 29. 'In the bracket 29 is a notch 30 within which lies apin 31 fixed in the crank arm 24. A spring or springs 32 stretchedbetween the pin 31 and a pin 33 fixed in'the bracket 29 normally holdthe pin 31 against the end wall 34 (Fig. 11) of the notch 30.

When the operator pulls the handle forward, the springs 32 cause thecrank arms 24 and 25 to swing upwardly, thereby drawing the rod 22forward, and moving the side members 16 and the rod 15 downward. Themovement of the rod 15 is yieldingly transmitted through the springs 14and the arms 13 and 10 to such of the bars 3 as are at liberty to rise.When the operator releases the handle upon the completion of the for-(shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3).

ward stroke, means to be later described returns the handle to itsnormal positign T e means for moving down those bars 3 which were raisedin the forward stroke of the handle comprises arms 35 pivotally mountedon theshaft 12, there being one such arm for each bar 3. Rigid with eacharm 35 are two lugs35 and 35" adapted to bear against the adjacent arms10 and 13, respectively. 'A spring 35 tends to hold the lug 35 and thearm 13 in contact with each other. During the back stroke of the handle,the rod 22 is moved against the arms 35 which are associated with thebars 3 that were raised in the forward stroke of the handle. When therod 22 moves said arms 35 rearwardly, the spring 35 or the lug 35restores the bars 3 to their initial (lower) position.

The means for returning the handle to its normal or initial positionconsists of a spring 36 (Figs. 5 and 11) which is connected at one endto the bracket 29 and connected at its other end for convenience to alink or bar 37 pivoted on one end of the shaft, said link bearingagainst the end of the rod 22. Comparison of Figs. 11 and 12 will showthat the spring 36 is stretched during the forward stroke of the handle.

Forward movement of the handle is limited by contact of the portion 38(Fig. 12) with a stop surface 39 (Fig. 5) on the base 40. Rearwardmovement of the handle is limited by engagement of the crank arms 24 and25 with buffers 41 (Figs. 4 and 12).

The means for limiting theextent to which the bars 3 may rise, and thusto determine which numerals shall be brought to the printing position,comprises a group of stops 42 (Figs. 1, 13, 23, 24 and 25), each stopbeing horizontally slidable, in a forward and back direction, in astationary guide frame 43. There is one vertical row or tier of ninestops for each numerical order. A spring detent 44 (Fig. 24) carried byeach stop yieldingly holds the stop in either of its two positions. Whenmoved rearwardly from the position shown in Figs. 1 and 24, the stopsare in the path of movement of devices carried by the bars 3, andthereby limit the upward movement of said bars. These devices consist ofarms 45 pivoted to the lower portions of the bars 3, and pins 46 havingopenings through which the arms 45 extend. The pins 46 are guided forvertical movement in a slide 47 which is mounted on a stationary guiderod 48 extending transversely of the machine. The guide rod 48 is sopositioned with respect to the guide frame 43 that the slide 47 ismovable to carry the pins 46 from their normal or initial position atthe left-hand side of the group of stops 42 into vertical alinement withthe tiers" of stops. To permit of such movement, the arms 45 arepivoted, as be- Q. of keys 49 which are numbered from fore stated, tothe bars 3, and extend slidably through the openings in the lower endsof the pins 46.

Referring to Fig. 23; the bars 3 are normally in position to printciphers. When a bar 3 is raised until its pin 46 stops against aprojected stop 42 in the second horizontal row from the bottom, said baris in position to print the numeral 1. The stops 42 in the third rowfromthe bottom are arranged to cause the printing of the numeral 2; and soon. When the end of an arm 45 stops against the lower side of the slide47, the bar 3 associated with'said arm is in position to print thenumeral 9. With the parts arranged as shown in Fig. 23, the amount 5319will be printed. Those bars 3 which are not needed in printing the items5319 (namely, those bars which are associated with the five pins 46which are farthest to the right in Fig. 23) are prevented from risingwhen the handle is pulled forward, by a detent plate 48 guided to movein a horizontal plane, said plate being connected through a bar 48 (Fig.6) to a rigid frame 48. The frame 48 is mounted to swing on the axis ofthe rod 5 (Fig. 14), and is normally impelled forward by springs 48.When the slide 47 is in the initial position (see Fig. 6), the detentplate 48 is out of the vertical plane of the pins 46. As soon as theslide moves one step to the right, a roller stud 47 on the slide crowdsback the bar 48 of the frame 48 and thereby draws the plate 48 back farenough to overlie all of the pins 46 except the one farthest to theright.

The means for projecting the stops 42 into the path of the pins 46comprises a plurality to 9 as shown in Fig. 5. The stems 50 of the keysare mounted for vertical movement in a guide frame 51 located on theforward end of the base 40. For each key stem there is provided a coiledspring 52 adapted to restore the key to its normal position after adepression thereof, the upward movement of the key being limited by astop pin 53 which stops against a portion of the frame 51. On each stem50 is an inclined or wedgeshape lug 54. The lugs 54 on the three keystems which are farthest to the rear lie in contact with lugs 55 on thethree horizontal levers 56 which are pivoted upon a post 57, each keybeing arranged to swing one of said levers. The lugs 54 on the remainingsix key stems lie in contact with lugs 55 on six horizontallyreciprocable bars 58. The bars 58 are reciprocable forward and back inthe guide frame 51, and are pivoted at their rear ends to six levers 56pivoted on the post 57. A universal rod 59 is attached at its ends tothe top lever 56 and to a lever 60 pivotally mounted on the post 57 Therod 59 extends adjacent to the levers 56 and thus is moved whenever oneof the keys 49 is depressed. A spring 61 connected to the top lever 56serves to restore all of the levers 56 and the bars 58 after depressionof the keys.

A bracket 62 (Figs. 5 and 28) is pivoted on the center indicated at 63in Fig. 5, and carriesa guide 64 (Fig. 1) in which are slidablysupported the. rear ends of ten push pins 65. The forward end of eachpush-pin 65 is pivoted to one of the levers 56. The push-pins 65 arearranged in a vertical row or tier, and all except the uppermost pushpinis adapted to push the stops 42 out of the position shown in Fig. 1 andinto the path of the upward movements of the pins 46.

The bracket 62 is caused to move in unison with the slide 47 by means ofa pin 66 fixed to the bracket and lying within the bifurcation of a lug67 on the slide. As the operator sets up an item on the keyboard, theslide 47 and the bracket.62 are moved (by means to be presentlydescribed), said slide and bracket moving from one vertical row of stops42 to the next adjacent row, as each number key is depressed-andrestored. The purpose in thus moving the pins 46 and the push pins 65 isto permit of setting up the item in the regular or direct order, (2'.6., the numeral of the highest order first, the next highest next, etc.)instead of in reversed order. This will be understood when it isremembered that the bar 3 which is farthest to the left corresponds tothe highest numerical order which the machine is capable of printing; solikewise the vertical tier of stops 42 which is farthest to the left,corresponds to the highest order in the item to be set up.

The series of push pins normally stands in frontof the vertical tier ofstops which is farthest to the left, and is moved to suecessive tiers ofstops as the setting up of the item progresses. The series of pins 46 ismoved from left to right, step by step, one step for each numericalorderin the item being set upthereby bringing the necessary number ofpins 46 into vertical alinement with the stops that have been set by thepush pins 65.

The slide 48 and the bracket 62 are moved to the right by a coiledspring 68 (Fig. 5). The spring is controlled by an escapement consistingof the uppermost push pins 65, a tooth 64 formed on the upper end of theguide 64, and a curved ratchet bar 69 pivoted to the framework at 70,the bar 69 being yieldingly held against the pin 65 ortooth 64F by aspring 71. The top lever 56 .being connected to the universal rod 59,the

top push pin 65 will be moved whenever any of the keys 49 are depressed.When the push pin 65 pushes a tooth of the ratchet bar 69 clear of thetooth 64, the spring 68 pulls the bracket 62 to the right until the pushpin stops against the said tooth of they ratchet bar. When the push pinis withdrawn from said ratchet-bar tooth, the spring .68 ulls thebracket 62 farther to the right .unti the tooth 64 stops against thenext tooth of the ratchet bar.

The slide 48 and b1 .zcket 62 are moved to the left, into the initialposition, by means comprising a slide barf72 (Figs. 6 and 21) which hasa pin-and-slot connection with the arm 62" (Fig. 28) of the bracket 62.On the forward end of the bar 72 is a roller stud 73. A bar 74 is idedbetween ins 75 for movement alongside the bar 72. he rear end of the bar74 is pivoted to one arm of a bell crank 76. A spring 77, tends to movethe bar 74 rearwardly into the osi-' tion shown in Fig. 21, the action 0the spring being limited by the stop pin 78. The bar 74 is movedforwardly by the arm 25 which engages an arm of the bell crank 76. Inthe forward movement of the bar 74 said bar pushes against the rollerstud 73 and thus restores the slide 47 and the bracket 62 to initialposition. As the bar 74 approaches the forward limit of its movement,the inclined surface 79 strikes a fixed pin, 80, whereby the bar 74 iscaused to descend until the bar is clear of the roller stud 73. As soonas the bar is clear of the roller stud, the spring 68 moves the tooth 64against the first tooth of the ratchet bar 69.

In the movement of thebracket 62 and the slide 47 to the initialposition, the stops 42 that had been set are pushed forward to theinitial position by a bar 81 (Figs. 6 and 23) fixed to. the slide 47,said bar having an inclined face that forces the stops into initialposition. As soon as the bar 74 descends so as to clear the roller 73,the spring 68 moves the tooth 64" against the first tooth of the ratchetbar and thus moves the bar 81 far enough to the right so that stops inthe first vertical tier can be set.

When the bar 74 and the pin are in engagement, the pin holds the bardown. At other. times, upward movement of the bar is limited by a rollerstud 82 (Fig. 21) mounted on the stem 83 of the repeat key 84. A spring85 normally holds the key elevated; when depressed and slightly tiltedbackward, the shoulder 83" engages under the top wall of the guide frame51 and holds the key (and hence the bar 74) down. When the bar is soheld down, it will not on its forward movement, engage the roller stud73, and therefore the slide 47 and the carriage 62 will not be restored,and the set stops will not. be restored by the bar 81. The last item maytherefore be again printed.

In case the operator, when setting up an item, should strike a wrongnumber key, he

may correct the error by operating a key 68 to restore the slide 47 andthe carriage 62 occurred, thus restoring the improperly set stop. Aspring similar to the springs 52 (Fig. 1) normally holds the stem-.87 ofthe error key 86 elevated. On the stem 87 is pivoted a pawl 88 adaptedto engage teeth 89 in the upper edge of the bar 72. A spring 90 ten s tohold the p awl in the position shown in Fig. 21. hen the error key 86 isdepressed, the pawl 88 engages the bar 72 and moves it forward farenough to restore the slide 47 and carriage through the distance of onestep on the escapement. To prevent the -bar 72 from moving throughmomentum when the error key is depressed, there is provided on the pawl88 a tooth 91 adapted to come into engagement with one of the teeth 92on the bar 72 when the bar has moved forward sufficiently far under theaction of the pawl 88.

The means for driving the type-carrying plungers 9into contact with theinking ribbon comprises a series of hammers-100, one for each bar 3, anda series of devices 101 (hereinafter termed bumpers) for transmittingthe blows of the hammers to the type-carrying plungers. All of thehammers are actuated whenever the handle is drawn forward. The bumpersare normally in such position as to be out of the range of the hammers.When an amount is to be printed, the bumpers corresponding to the bars'3 which are to do the printing are moved into the range of therespective hammers.

Th bumpers 101 are aided in a slotted guide plate 102, and eac ispivoted to an arm 103 which is loosely mounted on a pivot rod 104. Eachbar 3 has a notch 105 in its forward edge for the reception of the freeend of the adjacent arm 103. When the bar 3 is down (as in Fig. 1), thefree end of the arm 103 lies in the notch 105, and the bumper is belowthe path of oscillation of the head of the hammer. When, however, thebar 3 is raised, the lower end wall of the notch cams the arm 103 upinto the position shown in Fig. 13, thereby raising the bumper so thatthe head 101 is in the path of the hammer head 100, and sothat the point100 is in proper position to strike a plunger 9. A wire spring 106 lyingbehind the bumpers 101 restores the bumpers after each blow of thehammers.

As hereinbefore stated, the bars 3 are initially in position to printciphers, and consequently when a cipher is to be printed there is noupward movement which may be utilized in raising the bumper. Other meansis therefore provided for raising the bumpers which are to print cihers. This means consists of a lug 107 ig. 14) on each arm 103 arrangedto-underlie the arm 103 which is next to the right. When any to theposition occupied just before the error arm 103 is raised, the lug 107on that arm raises the arm 103 next to the right if said arm is notraised by its bar 3. Gravity restores the bumpers 101 to their initial(lower) position after each operation.

The hammers 100 are pivoted on a rod 1.08, and are actuated byindividual springs 109. The means for drawing the hammers forward toplace the springs 109 under increased tenslon, and for releasing thehammers, comprises two arms 110 (Figs. 134 and 5) pivoted on the rod108. A rod 111 is pivotally mounted in the arms 110. Fixed to the rod111 are two levers 112 which are rigidly connected together bycross-rods 113-114 (Fig. 13). The cross-rod 113 is adapted to engagehooks 115 on the hammers 100. A spring 116 tends to hold the rod 113 inengagement with said hooks. When the arms 110 rise from the positionshown in Fig. 13, the rod 113 passes into engagement with the hooks 115(see Fig. 1). On

.the next downward swing of the arms 110,

- the continuing movement of the arms 110 causes the rod 113 to leavethe hooks 115; the springs 109 then impel the hammers against anybumpers 101 that may have been raised. The arms 110 are oscillated bymeans of links 118 which extend between said arms and arms 119, thelatter being rigidly connected to the arms 20.

When it is not desired to print an amount, the printing mechanism may bedisabled by means comprising a non-print key .120. To the stem of thiskey is fixed an arm 121 which is connected through a rod 122 to an arm123 pivoted on the rod 108. The arm 123 overlies the rod 113. When thekey 120 is depressed, the arm 123 causes the rigid frame formed of theparts 112, 113, 114, to turn on the axis 11 (as shown in dotted lines inFig. 1), so that when the arms 110 swing downward the rod 113 will failto engage the hooks 115 and hence the hammers will not be drawn forwardor set. The key 120 is held depressed at will by the engagement of thelocking shoulder 120 with the top plate of the frame 51.

The adding mechanism comprises a series of adding pinions 125 rotatablymounted upon a shaft 126 which is carried by a frame 127 pivoted at 128(Fig. 15). The'pinions 125 (of which there is one for each bar 3) areadapted to mesh with rack teeth 129 formed in the bars 3. When an itemis to be added, the frame 127 is swung forward to disengage the pinions125 from the racks 129 before the bars 3 are raised, and said frame isswung rearwardly just before the bars 3 are' moved downwardly. Additiontherefore occurs in the down-stroke of the bars 3, the extent ofrotation of the pinions depending, of course, upon the extent ofmovement of said bars.

The frame 127 is swung to carry the pinions into and out of mesh withthe racks 129 by means of a lever 130 (Fig. 3) pivoted to the frameworkof the machine at 131. In the lever 130 is a cam slot 132 in which liesan antifriction roller 134 on the end of the adding-pinion shaft 126. Onthe free end of the lever 130 is a roller stud that lies in a cam slot135 (Fig. 14) in a. lever 136. The lever 136 is pivotally mounted on therock shaft 26, and has an arm 137 which is arranged to be engaged by apin 138 on the arm 24. A spring 139 tends to move the lever 136 in thedirection to move the pinions out of mesh with the racks. When theoperator begins to pull the handle 27 forward, the pin 138 leaves thearm 137, and

tlfe rebyfallows the spring 139 to throw the pinions outof mesh with theracks. When the handle begins to return to normal position, the pinionsmust be placed in mesh with the racks, which result is effected by thefollowing described means: On the lever 136 is pivoted a hook 140 whichis acted upon by a spring 141. Said hook is adapted to yield to allow astud 142 on the crank arm 24 to pass on the front stroke of the handle,said hook springing into engagement with the stud as the handlecompletes its forward stroke. On the back stroke of the handle, the hook140 causes the lever 136 to move with the crank arm 24, thus throwingthe pinions into mesh. At the proper point in the back stroke of thecrank arm 24, the lever 136 is released therefrom through the rising ofthe hook 140 due to contact of the finger 143 of said hook with aspacing sleeve 144 on a fixed pivot rod 145. When the hook 140 is thusdisengaged from the stud 142, the lever 136 is prevented from swingingforward under the influence of the spring 139 by a latch 146 pivoted at147, said latch having a locking shoulder 148. A spring 149 tends tohold the latch 146 against a pin 150 on the arm 137. On the latch 146 isa finger 151 adapted to be engaged by the pin 138 on the crank arm 24.In the back stroke of the crank arm 24, the pin 150 passes under thelocking shoulder 148 just before the hook 140 is disengaged from the arm24. As the arm 24 finishes its back stroke, the pin 138 thereon engagesthe finger 151 and pushes the latch out of engagement with the pin 150,the pin 138 then serving to hold the arm 137 down.

It will be seen that when addition is to occur, the spring 139 throwsthe pinions out of mesh with the racks before the latter begin theirupward movement, and that the pin 138, acting through the hook 140,throws the pinions into mesh with the racks just before the rackscommence to move down.

the pinions shall not be thrown into mesh with the racks at thebeginning of the downward stroke. Said means include a non-add key 152,the stein 153 of which has a pin 154 arranged to bear against theforward end of a lever 155, said lever being pivotally supported on thepivot rod 145. The rear end of the lever 155 extends below a pin 156 onthe hook 140. The non-add key may be locked in its depressed position byplacing the locking shoulder 153 (Fig. 3) under the top plate of theguide frame 51. When the operator depresses the non-add key 152, therear end of the lever 155 lifts the hook 140 and holds it elevated, sothat when the crank arm 24 makes its return stroke the pin 142 does notengage the hook 140. The pinions, therefore, stay out of mesh with theracks until the pin 138, by pressing against the arm 137, moves thepinions into mesh with the racks, the latter by that time having reachedtheir normal (lower) position.

Referring now to the means for carrying from one numerical order to thenext higher order: It has been explained that the bars 3 are moved totheir normal (lower) position by the rod 22 acting through the arms 35,the springs 35 and the arms 13 and 10. The extent of the downwardmovement of the bars 3 is limited (except in the carrying operation) bycontact of the shoulders 157 (Fig. 16) on the bars 3 with stop lugs 158.When an amount is to be carried from one order to the next higher order,the stop lug 158' for the bar 3 belonging to such higher order iswithdrawn, thereby allowing that bar to descend under the action ofgravity and the spring 35 until the upper portion of the bar stopsagainst the roller 4. The extent of such descent is just sufficient toturn the adding pinion for that bar through the distance of one tooth.Each stop lug 158 is formed on a slide 159 which is guided forhorizontal reciprocation. To each slide is pivoted a dog 160 having atooth 161 adapted to lie in front of a stationary looking plate 162. Aspring 163 tends to hold the tooth 161 in engagement with the plate 162and also tends to pull the dog 160 and the slide 159 rearwardly. Whenthe tooth 161 is in engagement with the front edge of the plate 162, thestop lug 158 is in position to limit the downward movement of theadjacent bar 3. When the tooth 161 is disengaged from the edge of theplate, the spring 163 pulls the dog and the slide back so that the stoplug 158 is out of the path of movement of the bar 3.

The means for disengaging the tooth 161 from the plate 162 consists oftwo diametrically opposite lugs 164 fixed to the pinion of the nextlower order. (In this embodiment of the invention, two lugs 164 areprovided because each pinion has twenty teeth). When the amountaccumulated on a pinion reaches 9, continued rotation of the pinion asthe rack descends brings one of the lugs 164 against the ends of the dog160, thereby depressing the dog until the tooth 161 is below the frontedge of the plate 162, whereupon the spring 163 pulls the dog and theslide 159 rearwardly until the lug 158 stops against the plate 162. Thelug 158 is then out of the path of the rack of the next higher order,and the latter therefore moves down under the influence of the spring 35to the extent permitted by the roller 4.

After each carrying operation, the slide 159 isrestored to its normal(forward) position by a. universal rod 165 which is supported by twoarms 166 that are pivotally mounted on the shaft 12. Connected to therod 165 are two bars 167 having notched upper ends that rest upon a rod168 carried by the side members 16. The rod 168 is yieldingly held insockets in said side 90 members by springs 169 (Figs. 3 and 5). Springs170 hold the bars 167 against the rod 168 and tend to draw the rod 165rearwardly.

In the downward movement of the side members 16 (and therefore in theupward movement of the bars 3), the rod 168 pushes against the notchedends of the bars 167 and thus moves the universal rod 165 against theslides 159, thereby restoring any slides that may have been concerned ina previous carrying operation. At about the moment when the slide orslides 159 are restored. lugs 171 (Fig. 13) on the bars 167 are incontact with stop pins 172. Continued downward movement of the bars 167being then impossible, the continuing downward movement of the sidemembers 16 causes the rod 168 to yield laterally sufii ciently to passbelow the notched ends of the bars 167, whereupon the springs 170 pullthe universal rod'165 rearwardly away from the slides 159. The action ofthe sm)'ings 170 is limited by stop pins 173 (Fig. 15

Summarizing the description of the carrying operation it may be statedthat the steps are as follows: The pinions are thrown out of mesh; theracks rise; the operated slide or slides 159 are restored (movedforward) and the restoring rod 165 is withthe stop lug 158 for the-rackof next higher order, whereupon said rack descends an additional amountsufiicient to revolve its pinion through the distance of one tooth.

When a subtotal or a final total is to be printed, the pinions .areretained in mesh with the racks during the upward movement of the bars3, and the extent of the upward movement of said bars is determined bycontact of the lugs 164 with the underside of the forward ends of thedogs 160. To retain the pinions in mesh with the racks when the handle27 is pulled forward, I provide a latch 174 (Fig. 14) pivoted at 147,the lower end of said latch being adapted to overlie the pin 150 andthus hold down the arm 137 when the handle 27 and the crank. arm 24 maketheir forward stroke. A spring 175 tends to hold the latch 174 inoperative position and against a pin 176 on the swinging frame 48. Whenno item is set up on the key board (as is the case when the total is tobe printed), the swinging frame 48 is in its forward position, and thelatch 174 is therefore in position to hold the pinions in mesh with theracks.

It may be here stated that when any pinion stands at zero, one of thelugs 164 on said pinion lies directly beneath one of the dogs 160. Thuswhen a total is to be printed, those racks which mesh with the pinionsstanding at zero cannot rise, the remaining racks rising until therotation of their pinions brings the lugs 164 thereon into contact withthe respective dogs 160. The bars 3 are then in position to print thetotal amount accumulated on the pinions.

When it is not desired to clear the machine after printing a total, thepinions are allowed to remain in mesh with the racks during the downwardmovement thereof, and therefore during the downward movement of theracks the several pinions are rotated to the positions they occupiedjust before the taking of the total. When, however, the operator wishesto clear the machine, the pinions.are withdrawn from the racks beforethe latter descend, thus leaving all of the pinions standing at zero.This is accomplished by withdrawing the latch 174 from the pin 150 justbefore the racks descend. Said latch is withdrawn by means comprising atotal key 177 (Fig. 3), the stem 178 of which has a stud 179' thatoverlies the forward end of a lever 180. The lever 180 has an elongatedopening 181 through which the pivotrod 145 extends. It will be seen thatthe lever 180 is movable longitudinally to a slight extent. A spring 182tends to slide the lever 180 rearwardly. On the rear portion of thelever is a shoulder 183 (Fig. 19). A stud 184 is located on the lever180 in position to be engaged by the pin 138 on the crank arm 24 whenthe total key is depressed. When a final total is to be printed and themachine cleared, the operator depresses the total key 177, therebyplacing the lever 180 against a stud 185 on ,the latch 174, as

shown in Fig. 19, and placing the stud 184 in the path of the pin 138.The operator then pulls the handle 27 forward, thereby swinging thecrank arm24 up, the pin 138 striking the stud 184 and pushing the lever180 forward until the shoulder 183 has passed the stud 185 (as in Fig.20).

As soon as the crank arm starts on its back stroke, the spring 182slides the lever 180 rearwardly, bringing the shoulder 183 against thestud 185, and swinging the latch 174 off the pin 150. The spring 139thereupon immediately throws the pinions out of mesh with the racks,whereupon the racks, under the action of the springs 14, fly up to thetop limit of their movement. In the continuation of the back stroke ofthe handle, the racks are drawn down to normal position by the rod 22 inthe manner before explained.

I have just explained how the pinions are thrown out of mesh with theracks at the beginning of the back stroke of the crank arm 24, when afinal total is to be taken. The pinions are prevented from being throwninto mesh, through the action of the roller stud 142, by means acting tohold the hook 140 out of the range of said stud. Said means comprises apin 180 on the lever 180, which pin overlies the lever 155. Whentherefore the total key is depressed, the lever 155 is also actuated tohold the hook 140 in inoperative position.

In taking a final total, the total key should be depressed before thehandle 27 is operated. To prevent depression of the total key after thehandle has beenv pulled forward to a material extent, there is provideda latch 186 (Fig. 3) pivoted at 131 and having a pin 187 adapted to liein a notch 188 in the rear end of the lever 180. A spring 189 tends tohold the latch in operative position. Rigid with the latch is a finger190 arranged to be engaged by the rod 22 to hold the latch out ofoperation when the rod 22 and the handle 27 are in their normalpositions. When the handle 27 begins to. move forward, the latch 186moves into engagement with the notch 188 and locks the lever 180 againstactuation. If the lever 180 is actuated before the handle 27 is pulledforward, the latch 186 moves into engagement with a notch 191 in thelever 180 andlocks the lever in operated position, so that the operatorneed not continue to hold the total key depressed.

To prevent the mechanism from being operated to take a total so long asthere is an item which has been set up but not aded, I provide a notch192 (Fig. 14) in the level 180, which notch is adapted to receive thestud 176 on the swinging frame 48. It will be remembered that said frameis in its forward position at the commencement of the operation ofsetting up an item, and that as soon as a number key is depressed, theroller 47' causes the frame to swing back. When the frame is in itsforward position, the stud 176 is out of the notch 192, but when theframe swings back, the stud 176 passes into the notch 192 and locksthetotal lever 180 against actuation. While a dog 160 is in the positionlndicated in Fig. 17, its forward end is not in position to serve as astop for a lug 164 in the taking of a total. It is therefore desirableto prevent the taking of a total while any of the dogs 160 are out oftheir normal position. This is accomplished by means comprising camshoulders 3 (Fig. 17) on the bars 3. When any bar 3 descends below itsnormal position (as it does in the carrying operation), the shoulder 3on said bar engages a rod 48 on the swinging frame 48, and thus movessaid frame back far enough to bring the detent plate 48" in the path ofupward movement of the pins 46. An attempt to obtain a subtotal bypulling the handle 27 forward will therefore merely bring all of thepins 46 against the plate 48 without imparting material upward movementto any of the bars 3 except the bar or bars that were below their normalposition. The rearward movement of the frame 48 also. disengages thelatch 174 from the pin 150, so that the pinions are thrown out of meshwith the racks before the abnormally low racks rise. In other words, thepinions are thrown out of mesh and returned into mesh just as though anitem were being added. The rearward movement of the frame 48 also placesthe stud 176 in the notch 192 of the total lever 180, thereby lockingthe latter against actuation.

To prevent casual rotation of the pinions while they are out of meshwith the racks, I provide a bar 193 (Fig. 15) having fixed theretoalocking tooth 194 for each pinion. The bar 193 is fixed at its ends totwo links 195 which are pivoted at 128. Before the pinions are entirelyout of mesh with the racks, the teeth 194 are moved into engagement withthe pinions, said teeth moving forward with the pinions as the lattercomplete their withdrawing movement- When 55 the pinions return intomesh with the racks,

the teeth 194 follow the pinions until the latter are in mesh with theracks, whereupon the teeth 194 are moved forward away from the pinions.These movements are impart- 60 ed to the teeth 194 by means of a rollerstud 196 (Fig. 18) on the end of the bar 193, said stud lying in a camslot 197 in the lever 130. The embodiment herein shown of my in ventionis adapted to print items and totals 65 in contrasting colors, as, forexample, items in blue and totals in red. For this pur ose, the ribbon198 (Fig. 10) may consist 0 two longitudinal fields or color bands, thelower bein red and the upper blue. That portion of tfie ribbon which isdirectly behind the bars 3 is supported and guided in a rigid framecomprising two side members 199 (Fi 13), said frame being guided forvertica movement by' guides 200 and 201 which coact with slottedportions of the side members. 202 are two bell crank levers pivoted' at203. One arm of each lever 202 is connected to one of the side members199 by a screw 204 extending throu h an elongated opening 205 in saidarm. prings 206 tend to raise the ribbon-carrying frame with referenceto the bell crank levers 202. The other arms of the bell crank levers202 are arranged to be engaged by the rod 22 and thereby moved in thedirection to raise the ribbon. Springs 207 (Fig. 15) assist gravity inreturning the ribbon-carrying frame to its lower position. It will beseen that every forward movement of the rod 22 will tend to raise theribbon into position to print red. In order that the ribbon shalt beraised only when a total is to be printed, I provide means for holdingthe ribbon-carrying frame down when an item is to be printed. This meanscomprises locking shoulders 208 on the swinging frame 48 arranged to beengaged by similar shoulders 209 on the side members 199. When theswinging frame 48 is in its forward position (as it is when no item isset up on the keyboard), the shoulders 208 are out of the path of theupward movement of the shoulders 209, and consequently printing may bedone in red; but when an item is to be printed, the frame 48 occupiesits rear positlon and the shoulders 208 prevent upward movement of theribbon-carrying frame, the springs-206 yielding as the rod '22 movesforward. ,The ribbon 198 may be fed in any suitable manner, and, ifdesired, may have its direction of'feed movement reversed by anypreferred means. Herein means is shown for automatically feeding theribbon and for reversing its movement when one of the spools is emptied.

The ribbon spools 210 (Figs. 8 and 10) are removably mounted upon theupper ends' of vertical shafts 211. To each shaft 211 is fixed a ratchetwheel 212. The spool is caused to revolve with the shaft by means of astud 213 on the spool, which stud is adapted to fit within a 100 214that frictionally engages the hub o the wheel 212. Each of the shafts211 is arranged to be driven by means of a clutch collar 215 (Fig. 7)loosely mounted on the lower portion of each shaft. To each collar 215is afiixed an arm 216 which is connected through a link 217 (Fig. 3) toan arm 218, the latter being rigid with the arm 119. Thus the clutch

